History and Social Studies Curriculum Framework
Kindergarten
The student will recognize that history describes events and people from other times and places.
- identifying examples of historical events, stories, and legends that describe the development of the local community; and
- identifying people who helped establish and lead the local community over time.
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K.2The student will sequence events in the past and present and begin to recognize that things change over time.
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K.3The student will describe the relative location of people, places, and things by using positional words, with emphasis on near/far, above/below, left/right, and behind/in front.
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K.4The student will use simple maps and globes to
- develop an awareness that a map is a drawing of a place to show where things are located and that a globe is a round model of Earth;
- describe places referenced in historical events, stories, and real-life situations;
- locate land and water features;
- identify basic map symbols in a map legend; and
- identify places and objects of a familiar area
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K.5The student will develop an awareness that maps and globes
- show a view from above;
- show things in smaller size; and
- show the position of objects.
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K.6The student will describe how the location, climate, and physical surroundings of a community affect the way people live, including their food, clothing, shelter, transportation, and recreation.
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K.7The student will match simple descriptions of work that people do with the names of those jobs.
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K.8The student will
- recognize that people make choices because they cannot have everything they want; and
- explain that people work to earn money to buy the things they want.
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K.9The student will demonstrate that being a good citizen involves
- taking turns and sharing;
- taking responsibility for certain classroom chores;
- taking care of personal belongings and respecting what belongs to others;
- following rules and understanding the consequence of breaking rules;
- practicing honesty, self-control, and kindness to others;
- participating in decision making in the classroom; and
- participating successfully in group settings.
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K.10The student will develop an understanding of how communities express patriotism through events and symbols by
- recognizing the American flag;
- recognizing the Pledge of Allegiance;
- knowing that the president is the leader of the United States; and
- recognizing the holidays and the people associated with the holidays Thanksgiving Day; Martin Luther King, Jr., Day; George Washington Day (Presidents' Day); and Independence Day (Fourth of July).
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K.11Grade 1
The student will demonstrate knowledge of Virginia history by describing important events and people in the history of the Commonwealth, including
- the settlement of Virginia at Jamestown;
- famous Virginians, such as George Washington and Thomas Jefferson, who helped form a new nation; and
- life in Virginia today, including food, clothing, shelter, transportation, and recreation.
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1.2The student will describe the stories of influential people in the history of Virginia and their contributions to our Commonwealth, with emphasis on
- Powhatan;
- Pocahontas;
- Christopher Newport;
- Maggie L. Walker; and
- Arthur R. Ashe, Jr.
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1.3The student will describe the lives of people associated with major holidays, including
- George Washington Day (Presidents' Day);
- Independence Day (Fourth of July); and
- Martin Luther King, Jr., Day.
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1.4The student will develop map skills by
- recognizing basic map symbols, including references to land, water, cities, and roads;
- using cardinal directions on maps;
- identifying the shapes of the United States and Virginia on maps and globes;
- locating Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States, and Richmond, the capital of Virginia, on a United States map; and
- constructing simple maps, including a title, map legend, and compass rose.
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1.5The student will develop a geographic understanding that
- the location of Virginia determines its climate and results in four distinct seasons; and
- the landforms of Virginia affect the places people live.
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1.6The student will explain the difference between goods and services and describe how people are consumers and producers of goods and services.
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1.7The student will explain that people make choices because they cannot have everything they want.
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1.8The student will recognize that people save money for the future to purchase goods and services.
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1.9The student will apply the traits of a good citizen by
- focusing on fair play, exhibiting good sportsmanship, helping others, and treating others with respect;
- recognizing the purpose of rules and practicing self-control;
- working hard in school;
- taking responsibility for one's own actions;
- valuing honesty and truthfulness in oneself and others; and
- participating in classroom decision making through voting.
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1.10The student will recognize the symbols and traditional practices that honor and foster patriotism in the United States by demonstrating respect for the American flag by learning about the Pledge of Allegiance.
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1.11The student will recognize the symbols and traditional practices that honor the Commonwealth of Virginia by
- identifying the Virginia flag, state capitol building, state bird, and state flower; and
- describing why people have symbols and traditions.
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1.12The student will understand that the people of Virginia
- have state and local government officials who are elected by voters;
- make contributions to their communities; and
- include people who have diverse ethnic origins, customs, and traditions and are united as Americans by common principles.
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1.13Grade 2
The student will demonstrate knowledge of the United States by describing important developments and innovations in United States history, including developments and innovations related to communication and transportation.
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2.2The student will compare the lives and contributions of three American Indian cultures of the past and present, with emphasis on
- the Powhatan of the Eastern Woodlands;
- the Lakota of the Plains; and
- the Pueblo peoples of the Southwest.
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2.3The student will describe how the contributions of selected individuals changed the lives of Americans, with emphasis on
- Christopher Columbus;
- Benjamin Franklin;
- Abraham Lincoln;
- George Washington Carver;
- Helen Keller;
- Thurgood Marshall;
- Rosa Parks;
- Jackie Robinson;
- Cesar Chavez; and
- Martin Luther King, Jr.
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2.4The student will describe why United States citizens celebrate major holidays, including
- Martin Luther King, Jr., Day;
- George Washington Day (Presidents' Day);
- Memorial Day;
- Independence Day (Fourth of July);
- Labor Day;
- Columbus Day;
- Veterans Day; and
- Thanksgiving Day.
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2.5The student will develop map skills by using globes and maps of the world and the United States to locate
- the seven continents and the five oceans;
- the equator, the Prime Meridian, and the four hemispheres; and
- major rivers, mountain ranges, lakes, and other physical features in the United States.
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2.6The student will locate and describe the relationship between the environment and culture of
- the Powhatan of the Eastern Woodlands;
- the Lakota of the Plains; and
- the Pueblo Indians of the Southwest.
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2.7The student will describe natural resources (water, soil, wood, and coal), human resources (people at work), and capital resources (machines, tools, and buildings).
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2.8The student will distinguish between the use of barter and the use of money in the exchange for goods and services.
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2.9The student will explain that scarcity (limited resources) requires people to make choices about producing and consuming goods and services.
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2.10The student will explain the responsibilities of a good citizen, with emphasis on
- respecting and protecting the rights and property of others;
- taking part in the voting process when making classroom decisions;
- describing actions that can improve the school and community;
- demonstrating self-discipline and self-reliance;
- practicing honesty and trustworthiness; and
- describing the purpose of rules and laws.
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2.11The student will understand that the people of the United States of America
- make contributions to their communities;
- vote in elections;
- are united as Americans by common principles; and
- have the individual rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness as well as equality under the law.
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2.12The student will understand the symbols and traditional practices that honor and foster patriotism in the United States of America by
- explaining the meaning behind symbols such as the American flag, bald eagle, Washington Monument, and Statue of Liberty; and
- learning the words and meaning of the Pledge of Allegiance.
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2.13Grade 3
The student will explain how the contributions of ancient China and Egypt have influenced the present world in terms of architecture, inventions, the calendar, and written language.
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3.2The student will explain how the contributions of ancient Greece and Rome have influenced the present world in terms of architecture, government (direct and representative democracy), and sports.
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3.3The student will describe the oral tradition (storytelling), government (kings), and economic development (trade) of the early West African empire of Mali.
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3.4The student will develop map skills and an understanding of change over time by locating major ancient world cultures on world maps
- at the beginning of their culture;
- during their period of greatest influence; and
- today.
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3.5The student will develop map skills by using globes and maps to locate and describe major rivers, mountain ranges, and other geographic features
- Africa;
- Asia;
- Europe;
- North America; and
- South America.
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3.6The student will describe how people in ancient world cultures adapted to their environment.
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3.7The student will demonstrate an understanding of different cultures and the natural, human, and capital resources they used in the production of goods and services.
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3.8The student will recognize that because people and regions cannot produce everything they want, they specialize in what they do best and trade for the rest.
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3.9The student will identify examples of making an economic choice and will explain the idea of opportunity cost (what is given up when making a choice).
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3.10The student will explain the responsibilities of a good citizen, with emphasis on
- respecting and protecting the rights and property of others;
- taking part in the voting process when making classroom decisions;
- describing actions that can improve the school and community;
- demonstrating self-discipline and self-reliance;
- practicing honesty and trustworthiness; and
- describing the purpose of rules.
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3.11The student will recognize the importance of government in the community, Virginia, and the United States of America by
- explaining the purpose of laws;
- explaining that the basic purposes of government are to make laws, carry out laws, and decide if laws have been broken; and
- explaining that government protects the rights and property of individuals.
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3.12The student will recognize that Americans are a people of diverse ethnic origins, customs, and traditions and are united by the basic principles of a republican form of government and respect for individual rights and freedoms.
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3.13Virginia Studies
U.S. History to 1865
U.S. History 1865 to Present
Civics and Economics
The student will demonstrate personal character traits that facilitate thoughtful and effective participation in civic life by
- practicing trustworthiness and honesty;
- practicing courtesy and respect for the rights of others;
- practicing responsibility, accountability, and self-reliance;
- practicing respect for the law;
- practicing patriotism;
- practicing thoughtful decision making; and
- practicing service to the school and/or local community.
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CE.4The student will apply social science skills to understand personal finance and career opportunities by
- identifying talents, interests, and aspirations that influence career choice;
- identifying human capital such as attitudes and behaviors that strengthen the individual work ethic and promote career success;
- identifying human capital such as abilities, skills, and education and the changing supply of and demand for them in the economy;
- examining the impact of technological change and globalization on career opportunities;
- describing the importance of education to lifelong personal finances; and
- analyzing the financial responsibilities of citizenship, including evaluating common forms of credit, savings, investments, purchases, contractual agreements, warranties, and guarantees.
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CE.14World Geography
World History and Geography to 1500
World History and Geography 1500 to Present
The student will apply social science skills to understand the conflicts during the second half of the twentieth century.
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WHII.12a,b WHII.12c WHII.12dVirginia and U.S. History
Virginia and U.S. Government
The student will apply social science skills to understand the concepts of democracy by
- recognizing the fundamental worth and dignity of the individual;
- recognizing the equality of all citizens under the law;
- recognizing what defines a citizen and how noncitizens can become citizens;
- recognizing majority rule and minority rights;
- recognizing the necessity of compromise; and
- recognizing the freedom of the individual.
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GOVT.3The student will apply social science skills to understand the federal system of government described in the Constitution of the United States by
- evaluating the relationship between the state government and the national government;
- examining the extent to which power is shared;
- identifying the powers denied state and national governments; and
- analyzing the ongoing debate that focuses on the balance of power between state and national governments.
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GOVT.5The student will apply social science skills to understand how world governments and economies compare and contrast with the government and the economy in the United States by
- describing the distribution of governmental power;
- explaining the relationship between the legislative and executive branches;
- comparing and contrasting the extent of participation in the political process; and
- comparing contrasting economic systems.
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GOVT.13The student will apply social science skills to understand that in a democratic republic, thoughtful and effective participation in civic life is
- exercising personal character traits such as trustworthiness, responsibility, and honesty;
- obeying the law and paying taxes;
- serving as a juror;
- participating in the political process and voting in local, state, and national elections;
- performing public service;
- keeping informed about current issues;
- respecting differing opinions and the rights of others;
- practicing personal and fiscal responsibility;
- demonstrating the knowledge, skills, and attitudes that foster the responsible and respectful use of digital media; and
- practicing patriotism.
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GOVT.16